Sand ramming machine



061:. 11, 1932. A,F, HQWE 1,882,608

SAND RAMMING MACHINE Filed Aug. 22, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. ll, 1932. A. F. HowE SAND RAMMING MACHINE Filed Aug. 22. 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 @@@QGG @WC G my l Y G@ Elliril Oct. 1l, 1932. A, F HOWE 1,882,608

SAND RAMMING MACHINE Filed Aug. 22, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct. 11, 1932. A F HOWE 1,882,608

SAND RAMMI NG MACHINE Filed Aug. 22, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Oct. 11,1932. A F HOWE 1 1,882,608

SAND RAMMING MACHINE Filed Aug. 22, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 /menm 1552 fen? F 7701196,

Oct. l1, 1932. A F. HOWE y SAND RAMMING MACHINE Filed Aug. 22, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 l O :i O lill/1 al! r @Y Mdm@ Patented Oct. 11, 1932 y n Unirse s'rares PATENT OFFICE sANn BAMMING MACHINE i Application led August' 22, 1929. Serial No. 387,581;

This invention relates to ramming mawhereby the sand is compacted and conveyedy chines and has special reference to machines to the ramming. head. for use in ramming and compacting sand. Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the interme- An object of the invention is to provide a diate or laterally pmovable carriage that is machine for use in ramming sand in moldsv shown in plan view in Fig. 3. 55

and the like, comprising mechanism for com- Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view showing pacting and conveying the same to the ramy. a portion of the conveyer in which the sand ming head, in combination with a rotary ramis compacted and by which the sand is conming head operating at rapid speed to sepvcyed to the ramming head. v arate bodies of the compacted sand and throw Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the support and 60 the separated bodies with great force into the thev actuator` for the conveyer. mold so as to ram the sand in the mold in Fig. 10 is an end elevation of one of the conposition for use. veyer units.

Another object of the `invention is to pro Fig. 11 is a side elevation of one of the convide a machine of the character and for the veyer units. 65 purpose mentioned, having movable car- Fig. 12 is a view showing the'end of one riages for supporting the comp'acting and of the conveyer units opposite the end shown ramming mechanism and for moving the in Fig. 10. compacting and ramming mechanism to dif- Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the' complete 2O ferent positions above the moldso that the compacting and conveying mechanisms and 70;

sand can be rammed into all parts of the their supports.V mold. Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view of the Another object of the invention is to proimpeller device on the ramming head. vide a machine of the type and character Fig. 15 isa plan view showing the impeller mentioned capable of being applied to other device on the ramming head.

uses as well as to the lwork of ramming sand Fig.. 16 is a detail view showing the mechain molds. y nismfor operating the laterally movable re- Other objects will appear irom the followciprocating carriage back and forth over ing description, reference being made to the the molds. v accompanying drawings Vin whichig. 1T is a detail view showing a tension- S0 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine ing device, One 0f WhiCll iS Used Il 0011116.0- embodying my present invention, the suption with the con'veyer and one ofv which is ports for the conveying and compacting used in connection with the compacting demechanisms and devices being omitted.. vice.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view enlarged with respect to Fig. 1, the one of the supports showing the slot through lower truck lor carriage being omitted. which extends the adjustable shaft for the Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the intermeconveyer and the similar shaft for the comdiate or laterally movable carriage mounted pacter. 40 on the lower carriage or truck. p y

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the upper or longiporting 'and moving this machine longitudiy tudinally movable carriage which supports nally to different positions for operation is and operates the ramming mechanism and. mounted onaXles 1 supported by wheels 2 which is mounted on the intermediatelor operating along a track comprising rails 3. laterallymovable carriage shown in Fig. 3. The rails 3 constituting the track may be on 95 Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the ramming opposite sides ofa row or rows of molds into. head, the end wall of the housing thereof which the sand is to be rammed by the mabeing omitted. i f f chine. The truck or carriageV frame com- Fig. 6 is a vertical cross sectional view prises longitudinal side members 4 rigidly of the compacting and conveyingmechanism connected Vat their ends by cross members 5. iw

Fig. 18 is a side elevation of a portion of 85 The truck or supporting carriage for supframe member 9; and another pair of Wheels` 7 are mounted on axle members 10 supporting a carriage side frame member l1. VThe side frame members 9 and A11 are rigidly connected at one end by a frame end member 12, and near the opposite endv by a rigid frame end member 13. It isnoiv clear that the lower carriage or truck may be moved longitudinally along the track 3 lto position the 4machine over the respective molds successively, and that the intermediate carriage is movable back' and forth along the track 6 transversely of the respective molds sc as to cause the ramming head to ram the sand into every part of said molds.

A motor 14 is mounted on a base 15 rigid With the side frame member 9 and has its shaft equipped with a Worm 16 (Figs. 3 and 16) engaging a Worm device 17 on theaXle 8.

vThus the motor 14 may be caused torotate the axle 8 and therebythe Wheels 7 that are attached `to the ends of said axle in order to move the intermediate or transversely movable carriage back and forth inropposite directions along the track 6. For the motor 14 may be of familiar type of motor that is capable of operation,'or the device may include other familiar reversing mechanism for rotating the shaftS in opposite directions by operation of said motor. For illustrative purposes the motor 14 is mentioned as capable of rotationrin both directions.

The upper or longitudinally movable carriage which supports the compacting and conveying` mechanism comprises a side member 18 having a laterally extended flange 19 mounted in a horizontal groove 20 in the inner sideof the carriage side member 9 (Fig. 6) g and a longitudinal side member 2:1 having a laterally extended flange 22 operating in a longitudinal groove 23 in the inner side of the longitudinal carriage side member 11. Near one end the side members 18 and 19 are rigidly or integrally connected by a base plate 24 and by a raised platform 25. A pair of parallel spaced longitudinal bars 26 are formed integral with the base 24 and the raised platform and projecting forufardly between the planes of the frame side member 18 and 21, but are somewhat above the horizontal plane of said frame side members 18 and 21 because the bars 26 are above Vthe raised platform 25. An electricv motor 27 is supported by and below the platform 25 and drives. a shaft 28, to whichV a pinion 29 Y' porting arms lin rigid connection With the side member 9 of the intermediate and transverseiymovable carriage. The ends of the rack 34 project for sliding movements through spring sockets 36 rigid With the carriage side frame member 9. Coilsprings37 encircle the ends of the rack 34 Within the kspring sockets 36 and have their outer ends bearing against the outer end Walls' of said sockets and their inner ends bearing against .abutments 38 rigid with the rack 34 (Fig. 3).

The springs 37 yieldingly hold the rack 34 in its intermediate or starting position but yield to permit limited longitudinal movement of saidrack in both directions from and to its intermediate or starting position. Because the rack 34 is capable of movement to a limited extent only, it is clear that operation of the motor 27 ivill rotate the pinion 33 Which is in mesh With said rackA 34 and move the upper carriage longitudinally with respect to the loiver carriage which is transversely With respect to the directions of movement of the intermediate carriage on which the upper carriage is mounted. The teeth on the rack 34 do not extend to the spring sockets 36. )Vhen the upner carriage reaches the position in its movement toward either end of the intermediate carriage in Which the pinion 33 is at the end of the teeth of the rack 34, said pinionV 33 may continue to rotate Without moving the upper carriage further toward the end of the intermediate carriage. That is to say, When the pinion 33 reaches the end of the teeth on the rack 34, this gearing, comprising said pinion 33 and said rack 34, is ineffective to move the upper carriage further in the direction in which it had been moving. The springs 37 act to permit slight V1novement-ofthe rack 34 as the pinionv 33 continues to rotate. Thus, the springs 37 maintain the rack 34 in the relationship to the pinion 33 such that When the motor 27 is reversed to rotate the pinion 33 in the reverse direction from that in Which said pinion 33 had been rotating, said pinion 33 will cooperate with the rack 34 to move the upper carriage in the reverse direction, Which is toward the opposite end of the intermediate carriage. For, this driving mechanism vfor the upper carriage never moves said upper carriage to a; position in which the pinion 33Vand the rack 34 are incapable of co-operation to reverse the direction of movement ofthe upper carriage. Sincethe motor 27 is of the type that is capable of operation in either direction, it: is now clear that said motor may be operated to move the upper or longitudinally movable carriage iongitudinally in both directionsalong the intermediate or laterally movable carriage. 'l

end walls 39 and 4.0 to form a chute orv nozzle'v through which the sand is thrown down* wardly. A shaft 46 is j ournaled for rotation in bearings 47 supported between the bars 26', and'projects concentrically into the ram ming head housing just described. A ramining head wheel 48is attached to the end of said shaft 46 Within the ramming head housing. The housing wall 41 curves concentrically with the aXis of said shaft 46 and said wheel 48 through about 360 degrees, more or less. The wall portions 42, 43, 44, and 45, form a chute or nozzle through which the compacted sand is discharged by the raminiiig head. il thrower or impeller for the ramming head is attached to the wheel 48 and comprises a pair of spaced side walls 49 and an inclined end wall 50. rlhis impeiler is rigidly and detachably clamped against the periphery of the wheel 48 and against an .abutmentl 5l by a clamping device 52 (Fig. 14). The shaft 46 is rotated in a ccunter-clockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 5, by a motor 53 rigidly secured on the base plate 24 of the upper longii tudinally movable carriage.

Two supporting members 54 are rigid on the bars 26 and support two parallel channel bars 55. Spaced below thebars 55 are two rigid parallel bars 56. These bars 55 and 56 constitute guides and supports for the con` veyer which conveys the compacted sand to the ramming head. A transverse vshaft 56a projects through slots 56b near the rear ends of the bars 55 and supports 54 and are jour- V naled in movable bearings 56c (Figs. 13 and 17). The bearings 56c are held on supponing brackets 56d by clamping bolts 56e extending through slots 56f in said bracket. The bearings 56C are held in different adjusted posi- 'i tions along the brackets 56d by set screws 56g.

These adjustable bearings constitute means for tightening the conveyer. A shaft 57 is supported near the front ends of the frame The shaft-y .56a has attached thereto a wheely 64 having peripheral shoulders 65 and constituting a. sprocket wheel for the conveyer. The shaft 57 has Va similar sprocket wheel 66 attachedl thereto;

The conveyer comprises a series of links 67 pivotally connected to form an endless chain by Vaxle pins or'rods 68, having on their ends .rollers 69 operating upon the upper and lower surfaces of the bars 55 and upon the upper` surfaces of the bars-56. This chain is mounted upon the sprocket wheels 64 and 66 and is driven by the shaft46through the connections leading to the shaft 57, as described.

kEach link 67 supports a section ofthe conveyer. Each conveyer section includes an arcuate bottom wall portion 7 O, an approximately kvertical side wall portion 71, and a liaring sidewall portion 72. During the time thatVthe-conveyer is passing along the upper sides of the bars 55 the ends of the respective conveyer sections are in abutting contact, as clearly shown in Fig. 2v of the drawings. Thus, from end to end ofthe bars 5,5, the conveyer sections forni a channel or troughlike conveyer moving toward the rainming head;

48,. The sand is delivered into this conveyer passes below the open bottom of said hopper.

' The opening at the bottom of the hopper 7 3 is approximately equal to the width of the inside of the conveyer, that is, the width at the opening of the bottom of the hopper 73 is approximately equal to the distance between side wall portions 71 and 72 of the conveyer. This endless conveyer may be properly tensioned by adjustment of the bearings 56C, as described. y

Arpair of shafts 74 and 75 are rotatively supported above the conveyer by frame mem` bers75a. `The shaft 75 is journaled inadjustable bearings 75b constructed, arranged, andl adjusted just as are the bearings 56", so that further specific description is not needed. A sprocket wheel 76 is attached to the shaft 74 and a peripherally notched wheel 77 is at-r ta ched to the shaft 75. The shaft 74 is driven by a sprocketchain 78 engaging a sprocket wheel 79V on said shaft 74 and also engaging al sprocket wheel 80 on a shaft 81 which is drive-n from the shaft 61 by gearing 82 (Fig. 4).

An endless compacting device is operated by the sprocket wheel 7 6, and comprises an endless series of presser or: compacter platesk 83, having their adjacent ends pivoted together by .pivot rods 84 which are engaged by the sprocket wheel 76 and which engage in the notches of the peripheral notched wheel 77. Itis now clear that the presser and compacter -device '83 will be operated simultaneously `with the operation of the conveyor.

As shown in Fig. 2, the end of this presser device that is toward the hopper73 is slightly above the edges of the conveyor.. And the opposite end of the presser device 83 is below thejside soV LOiduring the return trip .of 'the transversely edges of the conveyor. The llower portion c-f the presser device travels along with the conveyor and gradually and firmly :presses and compacts the sand into the conveyer While the conveyer is carrying the sand toward the ramming head. The arrangement is such that a sufficient degree of pressure is applied to the sand to-compress the sand into a hard and nearly solid mass.

The sand, being thus compressed andlcompacted in the conveyor, forms a practically solid bar of sand. This practically solid bar of sand isdischarged from the conveyer into a chute 85, the Walls of which are like the Walls 70, 7lV and '72 of `the Aconveyer. rlhis chute 85 opensthroughthe -Wall 39 ofthe ram- Y ming head housing sothat the compacted bar of sand Vis moved across the ramniing .head housing and Vinto :the path of the ramming vhead throiver or i-mpeller member 49, etc.,

that is attached tothe periphery of the Wheel a8. The speed of operation of the mechanism is timed and regulated so that the ramming head throvver lor iinpeller member 49, etc., at each revolution thereof cuts or takes from the baror compacted sand a block, mass or sectionof said compactedsand having al length approximately equal to the Width of said throvver or impeller member.l Since the ramming head isrrotated at great speed, this block,

mass or section of compacted sand is throvvn or slung from the iamminfr head through the chute opening from said ram-ming head (Fig. The inclined iva-ll 50 Aprevents adhesion A of the sand tothe impeller. The ,great speed and power at *which the machine is operated causes these blocks, masses or sections of compacted sand to be thrown and flu-ngat such great force as to berammed solidly in the i mold into Whichthey are delivered.

This machineA is used to ram the sand vin the various molds by moving the machine along` the track 3 to positions over the respective molds. lVhile the supporting frame that operates along the trackB is stationarythe motor 14C is operated to move the intermedia-te or transversely movable carriage in directions transversely of the rails 3. During all of this movement the motor 53 is operating so as to operate the ramming head vvhich receives the compactedbloclrs or masses of sand from the conveyer Yand rams said blocks or masses of compacted sandinto .the mold. Wlheii the machine crosses the mold and is Aready lfor the return trip, the motor 27 is operated kto move the upper carriaelongitudinally along the intermediate transversely movable carriage. The upper carriage is moved `a suiiicient Ydistance in'this Way so that movable carriage to itsstarting point, Va layer or stratum of. sand Ywill be rammed into the mold alongside the first( layer or stratum ofV sand that Was r put into the mold during the movement f of 'the transversely -movable carriage from its starting position. When the transversely movable carriage reaches itsy starting position the motor 141s reversed to motor 53 operates all the time and the motor 27 is operated intermittently or sufficiently to move the upper carriage longitudinally for thepurposes described. Sand may be discharged into the feed hopper 7 3 by any appropriate means.

From the foregoing it is now clear that my improved rainming machine operates at great speed and differs from all prior ramming machines in highly important particulars. So far as l am informed, my rainining machine differs from all prior ramn'iing machines in that the sand is compacted into a solid mass or bar before delivery into. the ramming head; and this solid mass or bar of sand is moved endivise into the ramming head and blocks or masses of the solid bar of compacted sand are broken from said bar by the ramming head and are thrown or slung With great ramming force into the molds. By use of this machine tivo Workmen to control tlie machine are able to perform thev said end of the compacting device so as to reduce t-he pressure and thereby reduce the density or solidity of the compacted sand, as desired. As shown (Fig. 13), the ends of the supports a that are toward the rainming head have attached thereto the upper endsV of plates 86. The lovver ends of said plates 86, are mounted on pivots 87 in con nection with the supports 51k and are thereby .supported for pivotal movements. The opposite ends of the supports 75 have attached thereto the upper ends of plates 88, the lower ends Iof which have therein vertical slots 89. Bolts 90 project from the supports 54 through the slots 89 and have screwed thereon clamping nuts 91 Which may be tightened to hold the support 75 in any adjustment in which they are placed or loosened to permit the ends of the supports 75 to be raised and lowered. rfhus, the pressure upon the sand in the conveyor may be increased and reduced, as desired. By this means, the solidity and density of the bar of compacted sand may be increased and rel all of its intended objects in ahighly elfi- The construction, arrangement and relationship of the elements of the machine may be Widely varied Without departure from the nature and principle of the invention. I do not restrict myself in unessential respects but what I claim and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrif-` ugally therefrom, and mechanism for conipacting sand and delivering approximately uniform blocks of said compacted sand'to said projector at successive revolutions of said projector. y

l2. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrifugally therefrom, a conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, and mechanism for compacting the sand in said conveyer during the movement of the sand toward the projector. Y

3. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compactedsand centrifugally therefrom, a conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, mechanism for compacting the sand in said conveyer during the movement of the sand toward the projector, and means forv varying the density to Which the sand is compacted by said compacting means. Y n a 4. A ramming machine comprisinga rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrifugally therefrom, mechanism for kcompacting and delivering compacted sand to said projector, a carriage for supporting and moving said projector and said mechanism overA a mold into which the sand is to be projected, and mechanism supported bysaid carriage for moving said carriage.

5. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrifugally therefrom, mechanism for compacting and delivering compacted sand to said projector. a carriage for supporting and moving said projector and said mechanism over a mold into which the sand is to be projected, and mechanism supported by said carriage for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions.

v6. A ramming machine comprising la ro tary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrifuga-ily therefrom, mechanism for compacting and delivering compacted sand to saidy roector a carriage for su porting and 7 Y c; i t:

moving said projector and said mechanismover a'mold into Which the sand is to be projected, mechanism supported by said carriage in a direction transversely of said first named movements of said carriage.

7. A iramming machine comprising a rotary projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sandfcentrifugally therefrom, a conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, a carriage suppoitin' saidprojector and said mechanismy and sai conveyer, mechanism for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions over a mold in Which the sand is to be compacted, and mechanismfor moving said carriage in a direct-ion at right angles-to said first named movements of said carriage.

8. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, d-evices for compacting and conveying` sand to said projector, a motor, and mechanism for operating said devices and said projector by said motor.

9. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, an endless conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, means for tensioning said conveyer, a hopper opening into said conveyer for discharging sand into said conveyer, a shaft supporting saidprojector` a motor for rotating said shaft, connections operated by saidv shaft for operating said conveyer, and means for coinpacting the sand into said conveyer during movement of saidconveye'rand lthe sand carried therebytoivard said projector.

k10. A yramming machine comprising arotary projector, and endless conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, means for ten-v sioning said conveyer, a hopper opening into.

said conveyer for discharging sand into said conveyer, a-shaft supporting said projector, a motor for rotating said shaft, connections operated by said shaft for operating said conveyer, and means for compacting the sand into said conveyer automatically and as an incident to the movement of said sand toward said projector by said convcyer.

11. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, an endless conveyor for conveying sand to said projector, means for tensioning said conveyer, a hopper opening into said'conveyer for discharging sand into said tions transversely of said truck, a rotary projector, means for supporting said projector by said carriage, and mechanism for operating said projector.

13. A ramming machine comprising a truck movable longitudinally, a carriage mounted on said truck for movements transversely of said truck, mechanism for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions transversely of said truck, a rotary piojector, means for supporting said'projector by said carriage, mechanism for operating said projector, and a conveyer supported by said carriage for conveying sand to said projector.

14. A ramming machine comprising a truck movable longitudinally, a carriage mounted on said truck for movements transversely of said truck, mechanism for moving said carriage -alternately in opposite directions transversely of said truck, a rotary projector, means for supporting said projector by said carriage, mechanism for operating said projector, a Vconveyer supported by said carriage for conveying sand to said projector, and mechanism for compacting the sand in said conveyer during the movement of said sand toward said projector.

15. A ramming'machine comprising Ya longitudinally movable truck, a carriage 'sup ported on said truck for movements trans versely of said truck, mechanism for movinggitudinally movable truck, a carriage sup-- Aported on said truck for movements transversely of said truck, mechanism for moving Y said carriage alternately in opposite direc- ,movements transversely of the movements` of said first carriage, a rotary projector supported by said uppery carriage, aconveyer supported by said upper carriage for conveying sand to said projector, and means supported by said upper carriage for delivering sand into said conveyer.

v18. .A Yramming machine comprising a transversely movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions, an upper carriage supported on said first carriage for movements at right angles to the transverse movements of said first carriage, mechanism for moving said upper carriage, a rotary projector supported by said upper carriage, and mechanism supported by said upper carriage for operating said vrojector.

19. A ramming machine comprising a transversely movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions, an upper carriage supported on said irst carriage for movements at right angles to the transverse movements of said first carriage, mechanism for moving said upper carriage, a rotary projector supported by said upper carriage, mechanism supported by said upper carriage for operating said' projector, and a conveyer supported by said upper carriage for conveying sand to said projector.

'20. A ramming machine comprising a transversely movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage alternately in opposite directions, an upper carriage supported on said first carriage for movements at right angles to the transverse movements of said first carriage, mechanism for moving said upper carriage, a rotary projector supported by said upper carriage, mechanism supported by said upper carriage for operating said projector, a conveyor supported .by said upper carriage for conveying sand to said proj ector, and a device supported by said upper carriage for compacting sand in said conveyer.

21. A ramming machine comprising a rotary centrifugal projector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project compacted sand centrifugally therefrom, means for guiding the discharge of the sand from said projector, mechanism for compacting and delivering sand to said projector, and means for varying the density to which the sand is compacted.

22. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, a shaft for rotating said pro jector, a conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, connections for operating said con* veyer by said shaft, a devicel for compacting the sand in said conveyer, and means for operating said device by said shaft.

Y 23. A ramming machine comprising a rotary projector, a shaft for rotatino said projector, a conveyer. for conveying sand to said projector, connections for operating said conveyerby said shaft, a device for compacting the sand in said conveyer, means for operating said device by said, shaft, and means for supporting said device in different positions for operation to vary the density in which the device Will compact the sand in said conveyer. l y

S24.V A raminiiig machine comprising a rotaryprojector, mechanism for rotating said projector to project sand centrifugally therefrom, a rigid chute for guiding compacted sand to said projector, a conveyer for discharging sand into said chute, means or operating said conveyer by said mechanism, and a device for compacting thesand in said conveyer during the movement of the sand toward the projector.

25. In aA ramming machine, a projector, mechanism for compatcing sand and delivering the compacted sand tothe projector, and a device for delivering uiicoinpacted sand to said mechanism to be compacted and conveyed thereby to the projector.

26. ln a ramming machine, a projector, mechanism Jfor compacting sand and delivering the'compacted sand to the projector, a

` device for delivering uncompacted sand to said mechanism to be compacted and conveyed thereby to thevprojector, a carriage supporting said projector and said mecha- Y nism, and means for moving said carriagel simultaneously With the operation otsaid projector and said mechanism.

27. ln a machine of the character described, a channel. conveyer for conveying sand to be rammed, a proj e-ctoror ramming the sand delivered thereto from said conveyer, mechanism for operating saidconveyer and said projector simultaneously, and

a device for compressing the sand in said conveyer. Y

to the projector, an endlessseries of channel members forming the conveyor tor conveying y sand to said chute, means .tor delivering` sand into said conveyor, and means for compressing and compacting the sand in, said conveyer during movement ofthe sand toward said projector.

29. A machine ot' the character described comprising support, a carriage mounted on said support for transverse movements, mechanisin tor moving said carriage transf versely across said support, upper carriage mounted on said rst carriage and mov able transversely With said first carriage, mechanism for moving ysaid upper carriage 1in a dir ctioii angularly with respect to the 23. A ramming machine comprising 'a pro` jector, stationary-chute tor conducting san d I comprising a support, a carriage mounted on direction of movement of said first carriage, projecting mechanism supported by said upper carriage, and means for operating said projecting mechanism Whether said first carriage be in motion or stationary.

31.- A machine of the character described comprising a projector, a 'conveyer for conveying sand to said projector, a carriage supporting said proj ectorand said conveyer, and mechanisms for moving said carriage Aboth transversely and longitudinally.

32.`A machine of the character described comprising a rotary projector, a conveyer for conveying sand to said project-or, a motor,

mechanism operated by said motor for Voperating said projector and said conveyor simultaneously, means for compactiiig the sand insaidconveyerto varying degreesof density as desired, and mechanism for operating transverselyinovable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage transversely in opposite directions, a longitudinally movable carriage supported on said transversely movable carriage, mechanism for moving said longitudinally movable carriage longitudinally on said transversely movable carriage in directions transversely of the movements of said transversely movable carriage, a centrifugal projector supported by said longitudinally movablek carriage, mechanism for delivering sand to said projector, and mechanism for operating said projector and said last named mechanism Whether said transversely movable carriage be in motion or stationary. Y

35. A machine of the character described comprising a transversely movable carriage, devices for moving said transversely movable carriage transversely in opposite directions, alongitudinally movable carriage supported by said transversely movable carriage, devices for moving said longitudinally movable carriage longitudinally in the direction transverselyof the movements of said transversely movable carriage, a projector supported byv said longitudinally movable carriage. a coni veyer supported by said longitudinally movable carriage, means for deliveringv sand into said conveyer, and mechanism supported by said longitudinally movable carriage for operating said projector and said conveyer.

36. A machine of the character described comprising a. transversely movable carriage, devices for moving said transversely movable carriage transversely in opposite directions, a longitudinally movable, carriage supported by said transversely movable carriage, devices for moving said longitudinally movable carriage longitudinally in the direction transversely of the movements of said transversely movable carriage, a projector supported by said longitudinally movable carriage, a conveyer supported byA said longitudinally'movable carriage, means for delivering sand into said conveyer, mechanism supported by said longitudinally movable carriage for operating said projector and said conveyer, and a device supported by said vlongitudinally movable carriage for compacting the sand in said conveyer automatically and` as an incident to movement of said conveyer toward said projector; c.

37. A machine of the character described comprising an endless series of pivotally connected channel conveyer sections, Wheels for supporting and operating said sections in a relationship in `Which the sections that are between the Wheels are in endvvise abutting contact, means for preventing the conveyer formed by said sections from bending between said vvheels, mechanism for rotating one of said Wheels to operate saidconveyor, and a rotary projector rotating on an axis parallel With the plane of movement of said conveyer.

38. A machine of the character described comprising an endless series of pivotally connected channel conveyer sections, Wheels for supporting and operating said sections in a Yrelationship in VWhich the sections that are between the Wheels are in endvvise abut-V ting contact, mechanism for rotating one of v said Wheels to operate said conveyer, means for preventing the conveyer formed by said sections from bending between said Wheels, a rotary projector rotating on an axis paralllel with the plane of movement of said conveyer, and a stationary chute for conveying material from said conveyer to said projector. i

39. In a ramming machine, a conveyer composed of a se 1i-es of pivotally connected channel conveyer sections, Wheels forsupporting said conveyer, mechanism Jfor rotating one of said Wheels to operate said conveyer, and a compressor for compressing material in the conveyer during movement of said conveyer toward one of said Wheels.

40. In a ramming machine, aconveyer composed of a series of pivotally connected channel conveyer sections, Wheels for supporting said conveyer, mechanism for rotating one of said Wheels to operate said conveyer, a compressor 'for compressing material in the conveyer, a chute for receiving the material discharged from the conveyer, and a rotary projector for receiving the material from said chute.

4l. A ramming machine comprising a centrifugal projector, a housing in which said projector is enclosed, means forming a chute from said housing, a chute opening into said housing, a channel conveyer for dischaging material into said last named chute, mechanism for operating said conveyer, and a compressor for compressing the material in said conveyer during movement ofthe material toward said projector.

42. In a ramming machine, a longitudinally movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage longitudinally in opposite directions, a conveyer supported by said carriage, mechanism for operating said conveyer parallel with the direction in which said carriage is moved longitudinally, and mechanism for compacting material in said conveyer during movement of said material by said conveyer.

43. In a ramming machine, a [longitudinally'movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage longitudinally in opposite directions, a conveyer supported by said carriage, mechanism for operating said conveyer parallell With the direction in which said carriage is moved longitudinally, mechanism for compacting material in said conveyer, a projector beyond said conveyer, and means for conducting compacted material from said conveyer to said projector.

44. In a ramming machine, a transversely movable carriage, a conveyer supported by said carriage, mechanism for moving said conveyer longitudinally in said carriage and transversely of the direction of movement oi said carriage, a device for receiving material from said conveyer, and means for compacting the material in said conveyer during movement of said material by said conveyer.

j 45. In a ramming machine, an endless con-- veyer, means for delivering sand into said conveyer, an endless`- compacting device for compacting the sand in said conveyer, and mechanisms for operating said conveyer and said compacting means in directions in which adjacent portions of said conveyer and said compacting means move in the same direction.

' 4G. In a ramming machine, an endless conveyera means for delivering sand into said conveyer, an endless compacting device for compacting the sand in said conveyer, mechanisms for operating said conveyer and said compactingmeans in directions in Which adjacent portions of said conveyer and said compacting means move in the same direction, and devices for supporting said comk V.pacting means in diiierent adjustments for operation.

47. In a ramming machine, an endless conveyer, means for delivering sand into said conveyer, an endless compacting device for compacting the sand in said conveyer, mechanisms for operating said conveyer and ysaid compacting means in directions in which adjacent portions of said conveyer and said compacting means move in the same direction, devices for supporting said compacting means in different adjustments for operation, a rotary projector, and means for conducting the compacted material from said conveyer to said projector.

48. In a ramming machine, the combination of a centrifugal projector, a chute for conducting compacted sand to said projector, and mechanism for compacting and delivering compacted sand to said chute.

49. In a ramming machine, a carriage, a centrifugal projector supported by said carriage, and mechanism supported by said carriage for compacting and delivering compacted sand to said projector in any of the positions of said carriage.

50. In a ramming machine, a carriage, a centrifugal projector supported by said carriage, mechanism supported by said carriage for compacting and delivering compacted sand to said projector in any of the positions of said carriage, and mechanisms for moving said carriage to different lateral and longitudinal positions.

5l. In a ramming machine, a laterally and longitudinally movable carriage, mechanisms for moving said carriage laterally and longitudinally, a projector supported by said carriage, and mechanism for operating said projector Whether said carriage be in motion or stationary.

52. In a ramming machine, a laterally and longitudinally movable carriage, mechanisms for moving said carriage laterally and longitudinally, a projector supported by said carriage, mechanism for operating said projector Whether said carriage be in motion or stationary, and mechanism for compacting and delivering sand to said projector.

53. A ramming machine comprising an endless conveyer, mechanism fortensioning said conveyer, mechanism for compacting sand in said conveyer during operation of said conveyer, a centrifugal projector, and means for conducting the compacted sand from said conveyer to said projector. Y

54. In a ramming machine, a transversely and longitudinally movable carriage, mechanisms for moving said carriage transversely and longitudinally, a projector supported by said carriage, a conveyer supported by said carriage, means for conducting sandv from said conveyer to said projector, and mechanism for operating said projector and said conveyer. j y

55. In a ramming machine, a transversely and longitudinally movable carriage, mechanisms for moving said carriage transversely and longitudinally, a projector supported by said carriage., a conveyer supported bysaid carriage, means for conducting sand from said conveyer to said pojector,mechanism for operating said projector and saidyconveyer, and mechanism for compactin Vthe sand in said `conveyer ,While thesand is eing conveyed toward said projector. i

5(5., In, af ramming machine, a longitudinally movable conveyer, a. compacting device .supported above said conveyer for compactymg sand in said conveyer, mechanism for operating said. conveyer and saidcompacting device simultaneously, and mechanism foru supporting saidv ccmpacting device in di'er- .ent adjusted positions forloperation. f

57 In a ramming machine, a longitudinally movable conveyer, a compa'cting device supported above said conveyer for compacting sand in said conveyer, mechanism for operating said conveyer and said compacting device simultaneously, mechanism,` for supporting said compact-ing device in different adjusted positions for operation,acentrifugal projector, and mechanism for conducting the compacted sand from said conveyer to; said projector. l

58. In a ramming machine, a projector comprising a shaft, a Wheel attached to said shaft, a stationary housingenclosingsaid` Wheel, a.A chute opening from one side of said housing, a scoop attached to the periphery of said Wheel for proj ectingmaterial centrifugally through said chute, a chute opening into said housing for discharging rmaterial vinto said housing across thefperiphery of said Wheel, a conveyer, means for operating said conveyer to discharge material Vinto said chute, and mechanism for compacting the material in said conveyer during movement of said material toward said chute.

59. A ramming machine comprising a transversely and longitudinally movable carriage, mechanism for moving said carriage transversely and longitudinally as desired, a

ksupported .bysaid carriage for discharging sand into said conveyer, mechanismv for operating said projector and said conveyer, a chute for conducting sand from said conveyer to said projector, and means for compacting the sand in said conveyer during movement of said sand toward saidchute.

61. A ramming machine comprising a centrifugal projector, a chute for,r delivering Y.

sand yto said projector, mechanism lfor compacting and delivering sand into saidchute,

and means for varying the densityat which thesand is compacted. 62. A ramming machine comprising a centrifugal projector, mechanism for moving saidY projector longitudinallyand laterally I to different positions for operation,- and mechanism for compacting land vdelivering the compacted sand to said projector.

` 63. A ramming machine Comprising a centrifugal projector, mechanism for moving said projector longitudinally and laterally to different-positions for operation, mechanism for compacting and deli-vering the compacted sand to said projector, and meansfor varying the density at which the sand is compacte'd.

(S/AQ conveyor for a sand slug `machine comprising a series of links each having a trough-shaped body portion and lng strueturefprojecting from the ends of each link beneath its body portion Vand towardstheadjacent links, the lug` structure on one link comprising widely spaced elements receiving between them the lug structure projecting from the adjacent link, and an element .f

pivotalgly connecting said juxtaposed lug structure.

65. A conveyor for a`| sand slug machine comprising a series of links each having a trough-shaped body portion and lug-V st-ruc- .I ture projecting from the ends ofeach link beneath its body portion and towards the adjacent links, the lug structure on one link comprising widely spaced elements receiving between them the lug structure projecting from the adjacent link, an element pivotally connecting said juxtaposed lug structure, and a roller surrounding each of said elementsfor supporting the links on a carrier member;l

66; In a sand slugmachine, a conveyor de vice comprising two series oi pivotally con-- nectedlinks arranged so as toY oppose .each other and compress a quantity of sand: between them, there being rollers on saidv links,

and an individual rigid member for each1 of said series over which the rollers on thaty series travel.

57. In a sand slug machine,` opposing, conf veyor` devices for compressing a mass of sand 'to form a bar, a; stationary element beyond the discliarge'end ofy said devices'forsuppo-rting the discharge end of theA barconveyed thereby, and a hammer-like member with driving mechanism for separating, a portion of said 'bar from thebody thereof andI dischar-ging it under high momentum from the machine.

ANDREW n. Howe.

vmageos 

